FINAL (END OF ESP COURSE) SELF-ASSESSMENT

To begin with, I can infer that the most difficult activity was formal tests in the class, because it is not easy to learn so much definitions at once, while class tests online was not so difficult. Actually, Moodle tests was also difficult task. If  hadn’t done the Moodle tests I would be not  prepared for my exam paper well.

The most interesting activity was speaking in which includes short talks, Impromptu and PPP. I was looking for information about a lot of psychological issues. So, it was very useful for my studies and also for my education in general. Especially I was interested in doing PPP, because I have found so much additional information about my theme   ''Prejudice and Discrimination’’.

Listening tasks were different. Online materials was more complicated than  Cassettes.  It was quite difficult, despite this fact I believe that I’m better now in this activity than before.

Actually, I have written just 3 summaries in this term and I hope so that it was enough to realize how to write it properly.

In conclusion, I realized if want to achieve something in my life I need to improve myself.

Giving Entire Cultures a Personality Test (Summary )

References- Robert S. Fieldman. Understanding Psichology 2009

                                                                         Urtė   Čepukonytė (PSbns0-01)       

          

                                      Giving Entire Cultures a Personality Test

                                                           Summary  

A large group of researchers were looking for the answer to the question Do stereotypes reflect  cross-cultural differences in the personalities? They use the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R),  a personality test. The national character was measured by a short questionnaire on which respondents could indicate the characteristics of a typical member of their culture.

According to the researchers, national character is an indicator of how people within a    culture see themselves rather than of how they actually are. First of all, they sort out  if respondents are able to produce consistent summaries of their national character. Secondly,  researchers  find out , the profiles  of national character  are not  up to standard  for a particular person individually.

In conclusion, researchers explain  that national character is not a generalization about the actual personality characteristics. Person’s character depends on personality characteristics.

Phobias (Short talk)

References- Robert S. Fieldman. Understanding Psichology 2009,
http://psychology.about.com/od/phobias/a/phobialist.htm

I was looking some information about phobias. I found a lot of articles about that. In this short talk I will answer to 3 questions about phobias. So, first question would be

• Types of phobias
• What are the causes of phobias
• How to treat phobias

First of all, I want to define phobia. According to the American Psychiatric Association phobia is an irrational an excessive fear of object or situation.

 In one website I found that there are 5 common phobias

• Arachnophobia. It is a phobia when people are afraid of spiders. 10% of man and 50% of woman have this phobia.
• Social phobia. It is a fear of social situation, a fear of being evaluated negatively in social situations. This type of phobia typically begins  in childhood or adolescence.
• Aerophobia. It is a fear of flying.
• Agorophobia. When people afraid of any place or situation where escape might be difficult
• Claustrophobia. Fear of being trapped in small places. For example: elevator.

The causes of phobias are not yet fully understood. However, researchers found several possible factors.

·         Genetics. For example twins who are raised separately, may develop the same phobias

·         Cultural factors

·         Life experience (for example: phobia of dogs)